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^^ j GUIDE 



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SALT LAKE CITY 

b t?o its @I?1/[RaT?s . 




J. H. PARRY & CO , PUBLISHERS, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. 



M vywyi vwws wm^ sx ^ ^vvvwvvv^^x vwwvvv^A.^^«^gg 



D. C. MULLEN, 



MMM 



^OYSTERS, 



(Lamer of Third South and 3/Lairi Streets, 

SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. 



-<HOT SFRIXTCS^ 

Thoroughly Cleansed, Renovated and under New Management. 

The "Finest 3/Cedical Baths of the Km ted States. 

No Tourist can afford to miss the luxury of a Bath in these 

Springs. Their medicinal properties are well known 

to Scientists, and acknowledged by all who 

have had the pleasure of trying them. 



Lunches, Board and Lodgings, at Reasonable Rates. 

All Utah Central and D. & R. G. R'y Trains to and from the north pass through 
these grounds, and offer every facility to all wishing to visit the Springs. 

H. B. CLAWSON, Agent. 



F AUERBACH & BRO. 

Q'omu trie jtwe^t ^tocJz op cOut 
J^oodl, joAzcu Jyoodf-, /Ttu'tc^ietM, 
aam, (/.atJieU, /^ddcei dtnoej,, 
udteml i/Leadu //lade (Hotni^ 
J-faU, Joootl-, \/u444WUMa Jyoodp, (\/c. 
One J ^cce to out. 

Out JoMma ^tocM ou€U> induce- 
'?ne / yi : U to /7let>cJiantl f /Tlcutneu and 
x/tadete ed/uad! to ea-lste-t-n noalel. 

F. AUERBACH & BRO. 



A. A RICE, 

Late of Rice, McLean & Co., 

' QLENWOOD SPRINGS. 

COLORADO. 



RICE, 



T J BLUE. 



'(^r&d — 



M. E. HOPKINS, 

of Hopkins McDowell & C6 ., 

GLENWOOD SPRINGS, 
COLORADO 



HOPKINS 



-^5^ 



SCO., 



239 Main Street, opposite Walter Souse, 
Sa\\, I^ake City, Utah, 



l^eal Estate aqd Loans, 



EWWffi^TMMWT'^ M^WM 



Money Loaned for Non-Residents. 



COBRESPOUDEITCE SOLICITED. 



l>e ©aly ©irect iJmporter of 2){avaria digar: 



■+-IN THE CITY 



jb®m vmsmmiE am sipm^fsslj^Wo 




Nos 171 and i78 Main Street, 

$Ui* Ifliffi ciipy, ufftf. 



THE CULLEN HOTEL, 

Salt Lake City, Utah. 

Opened. Oct. 3, 1887. 

figpTAe Leading and Only First-Class Hotel between Denver and the Coast. 




Incandescent Electric Light and Steam Heating Throughout. Every Modern Im- 
provement and Convenience, and Unexcelled in Management. 



FINE S-A-IMFIjIE: BOOMS OICT O-HOTJIsTZD FLOOB. T. IP. .A.. 



Rates, $3.00 per Daj, except for Rooms with Bath and First Floor Suites,' 



Proprietor. 



i. J. PAUL, 



Manager. 



THE 

"MORMON" METROPOLIS: 

AN 

ILLUSTRATED GUIDE 

SALT LAKE CITY A^D ITS ENVIRONS 



Containing Illustrations ana "Descriptions oi Principai 

Places ol interest to Tourists; also Interesting 

Information and Historical "Data witl\ 

Pegard to Dtaii and its People. 



SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH; 

J. H. PARRY & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. 






COPYRIGHTED, I 




Contents. 



PAGE. 

Introductory 5 

Early History, 6 

Salt Lake City 14 

The Sacred Square, 15 

"Mormon" Temples, 16 

Salt Lake Temple, 1/ 

Large Tabernacle, 21 

Salt Lake Assembly Hall, 24 

The Museum, 27 

South Temple Street, 29 

" Deseret News " Publishing Company 29 

The Bishop's General Storehouse, 29 

President Young's Residences 30 

President Young's Grave, 31 

The Eagle Gate, 31 

The Gardo House ^ 

Historian's Office, 33 

The Social Hall 33 

Salt Lake Theatre 35 

The Walker Opera House, 35 

The City Hall, 36 

The Fire Department 36 

Street Railway, 37 

The Water Works, 38 

Z. C. M. I., 39 

Manufacturing Industries, 40 

Railroads, 44 

Hotels, 45 

Warm Springs Bath Houses 46 

Pleasure Resorts, 46 

Fort Douglas, 46 



rsi G01iT"£RTS. 

PAGH. 

Ensign Peak, 48 

Salt Lake Bathing Resorts, 50 

Territorial Exposition Building, 52 

Schools, 59 

Municipal Government, 64 

Conclusion, 68 



Illustrations. 

Great Salt Lake City, 1853 7 

Salt Lake City from Capitol Hill, 13 

Salt Lake Temple, 19 

The Tabernacle 22 

The Tabernacle Organ, 23 

Salt Lake Assembly Hall, 25 

The "Deseret News" Office 28 

President Young's Residences, 30 

President Young's Grave, 31 

Eagle Gate and Bee-Hive House, 32 

The Gardo House, 34 

The Deseret Woolen Mills, 43 

Garfield Beach, Great Salt Lake, 47 

Black Rock, Great Salt Lake, 49 

Lake Park Bathing Resort, .51 

Territorial Exposition Building, 53 

St. Mark's Episcopal Church, 55 

Residence of John McDonald, Esq., 56 

St. Paul's Episcopal Church and Rectory, 5 6 

The Swedish Lutheran Church, 57 

The Catholic Hospital, 5 8 

All Hallow's College 59 

The University of Deseret, 61 

Residence of Ex-Mayor James Sharp, 63 

Suburban Residence of Col. J. R. Winder, 65 



THE "MORMON" METROPOLIS: 

An Illustrated Guide to 

Salt Lake City and its Environs. 





introductory. 

S IT is "Mormonism" alone which gives to 
Salt Lake City its unique pre-emi- 
nence among the cities of Western 
America, and that attracts the visits of 
the tourist and traveler, we shall in this 
'-=5-™- -'-i^ "--- " brief but comprehensive Guide, give 
chief place to the edifices, etc. erected 
by this people, and the surrounding objects of interest as- 
sociated with their eventful history. 

The mercantile and manufacturing interests of this City 
will also be detailed, thus making this little work a hand- 
book of reference for capitalists and business men, and all 
others interested in the commercial growth and development 
of the City of Salt Lake. 



G13VD"£ TO SRl^T I^R"K"£ CITY 



EARLY HISTORY. 

Unlike several of the surrounding Territories, which 
were settled by the Spaniards, and early became known to 
civilization, the Territory of Utah was almost entirely un- 
known before the advent of the " Mormon" Pioneers. In 
the summer of 1833, Captain Bonneville and a few trappers 
explored the northern part of Utah, including- a portion of 
Salt Lake Valley, and Colonel J. C. Fremont spent four 
years — 1842 to 46 — exploring- this region. With these 
exceptions, none but hunters and trappers had ever visited 
this inhospitable region, as it was then called. Heavy frosts 
prevailed every month in the year, and it was declared by 
old time trappers and hunters that the climate was so for- 
bidding and the soil so barren, that no people could sustain 
themselves upon it. The whole basin was so barren as to 
produce little besides a species of bunch grass, and the 
ground was covered with myriads of large, black crickets, 
which constituted an article of food for some of the lower 
tribes of Indians. In Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona 
there are many evidences that civilized races once lived in 
those places and cultivated the soil. But there were no 
such evidences to be met with in the settlement of this 
valley. The advent of civilization was on the arrival of 
the "Mormon" Pioneers, after their expulsion from Nau- 
voo, Illinois. 

On the 24th of July, 1847, President Brigham Young,* 
accompanied by 142 hardy Pioneers, emerged from the 
canon on the east of the valley, which was at once named 

*Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Windsor 
County, Vermont ; became a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of 
Latter-day Saints in 1832, ordained an apostle in 1835, and died in 
Salt Lake City, August 29, 1877. 



8 Gmiya to sri/c LiR"k.-e. orrc 

"Emigration Canon," and may be recognized as the gorge 
immediately south of Fort Douglas, and entered into the 
Great Salt Lake Valley. They had left their homes in 
Illinois the year previous, spending the winter in camps on 
the Missouri River. As soon as the grass was high enough 
to sustain their cattle, they left their winter quarters and 
began their weary and perilous march through a hostile 
Indian country, seeking out, and making a new road of 650 
miles, and following a trapper's trail nearly 400 miles over 
the Rockies, in order to find anew home for their followers. 
In less than a week the Pioneers were joined by a company 
of Saints from Mississippi, accompanied by Captain James 
Brown and a detachment of the "Mormon" Battalion 
who served their country in the war against Mexico. 

Although late in the season, plowing and planting im- 
mediately began, as the people were already on short ra- 
tions, and depending upon the produ&s of the soil for future 
supplies. The ground was so thoroughly parched and 
baked that several plows were broken in the first efforts to 
subdue the soil. Ditches were dug from the mouth of City 
Creek Canon and the whole of that stream was turned upon 
the community farm. Thus began, in Utah, the system of 
irrigation to which her wealth, beauty and productiveness 
are due almost wholly to-day. Without irrigation Utah 
would still remain the "barren desert" it was when visited 
by the early trappers; and the story of the " Mormons," by 
their industry " making the desert to blossom as the rose," 
would never have been written. Thus, Salt Lake City, the 
" Mormon" Metropolis, the most attractive and most prom- 
ising city of western America, was founded. 



m.d its ^ir\rvaons. 



Although this was then Mexican soil, the Stars and 
Stripes were unfurled, and the country was taken possession 
of in the name of the government of the United States. 

Within a few weeks after their arrival, the colonists had 
built twenty-seven log cabins, laid out and built a fort for 
their protection against the savage Red Man ; had nearly a 
hundred acres plowed and planted with potatoes, wheat, etc. 
Much of the crops were injured by early frosts, and in con- 
sequence much suffering and privation ensued, and the peo- 
ple were still kept on rations. To add to the scarcity, the emi- 
grating Saints who arrived in the fall, some 700 wagons laden 
with families, brought scarcely any provisions. A company 
of the " Mormon" Battalion, which had been disbanded in 
California found their way here during the first winter, all 
destitute of provisions, yet none died of want. It has often 
been said that no other community could have provided so 
well against starvation. The unity of the people, guided 
and directed by their leaders, Brigham Young and others, 
preserved them from starvation. Those who had food will- 
ingly shared with those who were destitute. It was in these 
early days that President Young instituted the monthly 
fast dav, that food might be saved and given to the poor. 
This practice is kept up to this day, and of late years nearly 
all the "Mormon" places of business are closed during the 
forenoon of the first Thursday of each month, that the em- 
ployees may have opportunity to attend fast meeting and 
offer their donations to the poor. 

In the spring of 1848 a great deal of ground was 
broken, and was planted with seed which had been saved; 
every care was taken to insure an abundant harvest. In the 



GK5YDE. TO SRLlT LMS CITY. 



month of June, the black crickets, whirh the Pioneers had 
encountered the year beiore. came down from the hills in 
myriads, and threatened to entirely destroy the growing 
crops. They devoured everything before them, and as all 
the hope for bread was in the crops the prospects for the 
colonists were gloomy indeed. The people were powerless 
against this foe, and starvation seemed inevitable, when, to 
their great relief, immense flocks of sea gulls, suddenly ap- 
peared upon the scene and soon destroyed the crickets, and 
saved sufficient of the crops to keep the people from starva- 
tion. As these gulls were never seen in this region before, 
their appearance was acknowledged as a divine interposition 
of Providence in behalf of the people. As it was food was 
so scarce the ensuing winter that many were compelled to 
subsist upon raw hides, segoes and thistle roots. 

The first postofhce in this city was opened in March, 
1849, Joseph L. Heywood being the postmaster. 

In the summer of 1849 parties from the east, on the way 
to the California gold mines, arrived. They brought with 
them all kinds of merchandise, wagons, tools, and farming 
implements, which they gladly disposed of in exchange for 
provisions. In this manner all kinds of commodities were 
sold as cheaply in Salt Lake City as in the cities of the east. 

A provisional government was established, and a con- 
stitution adopted for the government of the new "State of 
Deseret," and A. W. Babbitt was sent to Congress a'sking 
for admission into the Union. 

The Indians were at times very troublesome; outbreaks 
occurring frequently, caused principally by the unwise 
course pursued by travelers and gold seekers in giving 



RUD ITS ^V&Yr&O'N.S. 11 

whiskey to them, sometimes quarreling with them and incit- 
ing them toacls of violence. Deeming it cheaper to feed the 
Red Man than to fight him, the " Mormon" Indian policy 
h is been a peaceful one from the beginning, and as a result 
there have been fewer Indian outbreaks in Utah than in any 
other western Territory. 

In Sept., 1850, the Territory of Utah was organized by 
act of Congress, and Brigham Young was subsequently ap- 
pointed Governor, and took the oath of office the February 
following. On January 11, 1851, Great Salt Lake City was 
incorporated, with Jedediah M. Grant as Mayor. On Sep- 
tember 22, 1851, the first Legislature of Utah Territory con- 
vened in Great Salt Lake City, and in the following Novem- 
ber the University of Deseret was opened. 

The population increased very rapidly each year. 
"Mormon" immigrants arrived from all parts of the world. 
They came by way of the Missouri River, thence by ox 
teams and handcarts across the "plains." 

The years of 1855-6 will long be remembered by the 
early settlers as a period of scarcity and famine. What 
crops were not destroyed by drouth were eaten up by grass- 
hoppers. Many domestic animals died of starvation, and 
food'was so scarce that many families did not taste bread for 
months at a time. It was at this time that a species of yam 
was discovered which served for potatoes. This "provi- 
dential root" was unknown before and has not been known 
since the " grasshopper war " of the "hard times" of '55 56. 
The harvest of 1857, however, was the best Utah had had 
up to that time. 

In the fall of 1857, Judge Drummond and others erron- 



12 G\3rD"E. TO Sft.l*T Lfei^ CITY. 



eously reported that troubles had arisen between the Terri- 
torial and United States officials, that the '•Mormons" had 
risen in rebellion and had expelled all U. S. officials from 
the Territory. In consequence of this the " Utah Army " 
was sent under Colonel A. S. Johnston to settle the reported 
difficulties. Without making any investigation into the 
charges, which were afterward proven to be without any 
foundation, the Government sent an expedition against the 
people of Utah at an expense of nearly $40,000,000. In 
March, 1858, the citizens of Great Salt Lake City, and the 
settlements north of it, agreed to abandon their homes and 
"go south" — whence they knew not, except that they were 
again to follow their leader Brigham Young in exile. The 
people were under the impression that the approaching- 
army was sent to destroy them. By the month of June, the 
newly appointed Governor, James dimming, and the peace 
commissioners arrived and investigated matters. The 
misunderstanding was speedily adjusted. The army passed 
through the deserted city and located at Camp Floyd, in 
Cedar Valley, about forty miles south-west of Salt Lake 
City, and the people returned to their deserted homes and 
resumed their accustomed labors. 

In the month of April, i860, the first pony express ar- 
rived — from Sacramento in four days, from St Joseph, 
Mo., in six days. 

In July, 1861, General Johnston with his detachment of 
troops was ordered to the States at the breaking out of the 
Civil War, and the equipments that had not been ordered 
destroyed by U. S. authority and surplus provisions of the 
United States Army in Utah, were disposed of at auction 



GRID'S. TO SRLT Lffil CITY. 



It was estimated that $4,000,000 worth of goods were sold 
for less than $100,000. 

In the same year connection was made with the " out- 
side world" by telegraph. 

Colonel P. E. Conner, with the California Volunteers, 
arrived on 061. 20, 1862, and located at Camp Douglas, the 
present site of Fort Douglas. 

In 1867-8 the myriads of grasshoppers again visited 
the Territory and the crops were almost total failures both 
years. 

On Jan. io, 1870, the last rail of the Utah Central Rail- 
road was laid, and the last spike driven by President Brig- 
ham Young, in the presence of 15,000 people. This was 
the inauguration of a new era in the growth and commerce 
of the city and Territory. Hitherto, all importations had 
to be freighted a thousand miles by ox or mule teams, and 
all immigrants had to tramp this weary road over vast and 
arid plains and toilsome mountains. Since the advent of 
the railroad the city has made much progress and has de- 
veloped very rapidly, until it is to-day acknowledged to be 
the prettiest and, in many respects, the most desirable city 
to live in on the continent. 

In March, 1883, the Denver & Rio Grande Railway 
was completed between Salt Lake and Denver, and it is re- 
ported that two other roads are headed this way, which will 
give S lit Lake plenty of facilities for travel in all directions. 

SALT LAKE CITY. 

Salt Lake City, the capital of Utah, occupies an 
important central position in the Territory, and is the me- 



RUT) ITS miIIVB.OHS. IS 

tropolis of the inter-mountain region. Its latitude is 40 46', 
longitude 112 6' West; and the variation of the magnetic 
needle at the base meridian, as determined in Oclober, 1878, 
by the United States Coast Survey, is 16 32' East 

The city has an area of nearly 10,000 acres, and a pop- 
ulation of about 30,000 inhabitants. It is laid out, princi- 
pally, in blocks or squares of ten acres each, the streets 
running due to the cardinal points. Each street is 132 feet 
wide, including the sidewalks, which are sixteen and one half 
feet in width. The north-eastern part of the city is divided 
into blocks of five acres each, with streets eighty feet wide- 
Nearly all the streets are bordered with shade trees and 
running brooks and the building lots are usually large 
enough to afford ample room for buildings, gardens, or- 
chards and ornamental grounds. The foliage largely con- 
ceals the houses in summer, giving the city the appearance 
of an immense and lovely garden. 

The altitude of the city is 4,300 feet above sea level. 
The climate is salubrious. The mean summer temperature 
is about 74 , but on account of the dry and rare atmosphere 
it is not more oppressive than a mean several decrees higher 
would be on the sea level. Although the mercury often 
reaches above 90 in July and August, sunstroke is almost 
unknown; thunder storms are Irequent, the nights are uni- 
formly cool, and residents of the city who are obliged to 
visit the East in the hot months are glad to get back again. 

THE SACRED SQUARE. 

The Temple Block is the Sacred Square of the Lat- 
ter-day Saints and the central object of interest to tourists 



16 G\JYD£ TO SRLT LRKS CITY. 

visiting the city. It covers an area of ten acres, is sur- 
rounded by a high adobe wall, and contains the Temple, 
now in the course of erection, Tabernacle, Assembly Hall, 
the Endowment House, and the architects' office, and 
workshops of the men engaged in the construction of the 
Temple. 

" MORMON " TEMPLES. 

Not less than eight temples have been designated, and 
their sites consecrated, of which number five have been 
dedicated and ordinances administered therein — at Kirtland, 
Ohio; Nauvoo, Illinois; St. George, Logan, andManti, Utah. 
The temple at Salt Lake City, is progressing rapidly towards 
completion. 

The temple at Kirtland was 55x65 feet; the corner 
stones were laid July 22, 1833 This was built by donation 
and voluntary contribution, and was completed and dedicated 
March 27, 1836. 

The corner stone for a temple at Far West, Missouri, 
was laid July 4 1838, with appropriate ceremony. Dimen- 
sions of building to be 1 10 feet long and 80 feet wide. 

The temple at Nauvoo, Illinois, was about 128 feet 
long by 88 feet wide. The corner stones were laid on the 
6th day of April, 1841. The building was erected by the 
tithing and free-will offerings of the people, and was so 
rapidly advanced that on the the 8rh of November the same 
year the baptismal font was dedicated, and baptisms for the 
dead were administered. The building was finally dedicated 
with public services on Saturday and Sunday, the 2nd and 
3rd of May, 1846. After the expulsion of the Saints from 
Illinois, this temple was destroyed by fire. 



RUD ITS ^HYY&OKS. IT 

The temple at St. George, Utah, the site of which was 
dedicated and ground broken November 9, 187 1, is 141 feet 
8 inches long by 93 feet 4 inches wide; is 84 feet from ground 
to top of parapet. The basement is of volcanic rock, the 
upper part of red sandstone, and contains about 1,900 cords 
of rock, r, 000,000, feet of lumber, and cost about $800,000. 

The Manti Temple site was dedicated and the ground 
broken by President Brigham Young, on April 25, 1877. 
The corner stones were laid April 14, 1879. Its size is 172x95 
feet, and 82 feet to the square. Its eastern tower is 179 feet 
high, the western tower 169 feet high. This edifice stands 
on a hill, which had to be partly removed and required 2,400 
cords of rock terrace to provide for its location. This tem- 
ple was completed in May, 1888, and dedicated on the 21st 
day of ihe same month. 

The site of the Logan Temple is situated on an eleva- 
tion or table land in the eastern part of the city bearing that 
name. It was dedicated with prayer offered by Apostle 
Orson Pratt, May 18, 1877, and the ground was broken the 
same day. The corner stones were laid September 17, 
1877. The building", including towers and buttresses, is 171 
feet long by 95 in width, with a tower 30 feet square at each 
end, the eastern tower is 155 feet, and the western tower 143 
feet in height, and 86 feet from the surface to top of battle- 
ments. This temple was completed and dedicated with ap- 
propriate ceremonies on the occasion of a General Confer- 
ence of the Church being held there on May 17, 1884. 

SALT LAKE TEMPLE.* 

The length of this building now in course of erection, east 
Abridged from description of the late T. O. Angell, chief architect 



18 GT3YDE. TO SR1/Y LRM CITY. 

and west, is 1S6 feet 6 inches, including towers, by 99 feet 
in width. On the east end there are three towers, and the 
same number also on the west. 

The north and south walls are 8 ieet thick, clear of pedes- 
tal, they stand upon a footing' ot 16 feet wall, on its bearing, 
which slopes 3 feet on each side to the height of 7 feet 6 
inches. The footing of the towers ri<?es to the same height 
as the side, and is one solid piece of masonry of rough ash- 
lers. 

The basement of the main building is divided into many 
rooms by walls, all having footings. The line of the base- 
ment floor is 25 inches above the top of the footing. Four 
inches above the earth on the east end will begin a promenade 
walk, from 11 to 22 feet wide, around the entire building, 
and is approached by stone steps on all sides. 

The footings of the four corner towers are 26 feet 
square. These continue 16 feet 6 inches high, and come to 
the line of the base string course, which is 8 feet above the 
promenade walk. At this point the towers are reduced to 
55 feet square; thev then continue to the height of 38 feet, 
or the height of the second string course. At this point 
they are reduced to 23 feet square; they then continue 38 
feet high, to the third string course. The string courses 
continue all around the building, except when separated 
by buttresses. These string courses are massive mouldings 
from solid blocks of stone. 

The two easttowers then rise 25 feet to a stringcourse, 
or cornice. The two west towers rise 19 feet and come to 
their string course or cornire. The four towers then rise 9 
feet to the top of battlements. These towers are cylindri- 



M.D ITS ^NAIYROKS. 



19 



cal, having 17 leet diameter inside, within which stairs as- 
cend around a solid column 4 feet in diameter, allowing 
landings at the various sections of the building. The 
towers have each five ornamental windows on two sides, 
above the basement. 




Salt Lake Tei=n.ple. 



The two centre towers occupy the centre of the east and 
west ends of the building, starting from their footings 31 
feet square, and break off in sections in line with corner 
towers to the height of the third string course. The east 



20 G\3YD"E. TO SRI^T LRK"£ CITY. 

centre tower then rises 40 feet to the top of battlements; the 
west centre tower rises 34 feet to the top of battlements. 
All the towers have ornamental spires surmounting them. 
The height of the east centre tower when completed will be 
200 feet. 

The center room of the basement is arranged for a bap- 
tismal font, and is 57 feet long by 35 feet wide, separated 
from the main wall by four rooms, two on each side. 

The Temple site was consecrated and the ground 
broken for the foundation February 14, 1853. The corner 
stones were laid with imposing ceremonies on April 6, 1853. 

The following inscription appears on a large tablet 
stone placed in the face of the east centre tower: 

HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 

THE HOUSE OF THE LORD, 

BUILT BY THE 

CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY 
SAINTS. 

COMMENCED APRIL 6, 1853. 
COMPLETED: 



There have already been expended in its erection about 
$5,000,000, all of which has been voluntarily donated in tithing 
by the members of the "Mormon" Church. It is constructed 
of finely cut and finished granile rock, which is quarried 
from the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canon, in the Wa- 



M.D ITS ^mrrROUS. 21 

satch range of mountains, some twenty miles to the south- 
east of the city. 

At present, the government is in possession of the en- 
tire Temple Block, and the Latter-day Saints are paying 
rent to the United States government for the privilege o 
occupying and using their own houses of worship. This is 
in consequence of the construction put by the local Federal 
courts upon the recent act of Congress disincorporating the 
"Mormon" Church and escheating the property. 

LARGE TABERNACLE. 

It is well known that the site ot Salt Lake City was 
selected, the plotting of it designed, and the principal build- 
ings in it were planned, by President Brigham Young. The 
buildings he designed are remarkable for their substantial and 
convenient character. This peculiarity is very well illus- 
trated in the construction of the "New Tabernacle," as it has 
been called to distinguish it from the "Old Tabernacle," 
which formerly stood near it. This building is situated in the 
west centre of the Temple Block, and was commenced on 
the 26th of July, 1864, and was completed and dedicated 
October 6, 1867. 

There is nothing very attractive about the outside ap- 
pearance of the building. To be appreciated it must be 
viewed from the inside. It is elliptical in shape, 250 feet 
long by 150 feet wide, and 70 feet in height from the floor to 
the ceiling at its highest part, or 80 feet from the floor to 
the top of the roof. The interior of the building presents 
an oval arch, without any centre support, the largest self- 
supporting arch in America, with the exception of that of 
the Central Depot, New York, and probably the largest in 



RKD ITS ERAIIRORS. 



23 



the world that is constructed wholly of wood. The bents 
of the roof are composed of a lattice tru^s, aud rest upon 
44 sand-stone pillars, each 3x9 feet in size, and from 14 to 
20 feet in height. The gallery, which extends around the 




Tli.e TalD3iiiacle Crgan, 

building, except at the west end, is 480 feet long by 30 feet 
in width. The entire building has a seating capacity of 
about 10,000. 



24 G\5YD£ TO SRL.T LMS CITY. 

It has 20 doors, most of which are 9 teet wide, and all 
open outward, so that an audience ot 9,000 or 10,000 can 
gain egress, in case of emergency, in a very few minutes. 
In this respect the building is certainly without a rival in the 
world. 

In the west end of the Tabernacle is situated the large 
organ, second to none in the United States in appearance 
and sweetness of tone, and is exceeded in size by but one. 
It was constructed entirely by Utahartizans. under the direc- 
tion of Joseph Ridges, E«q. It has recently been entirely 
reconstructed by Niels Johnson, Esq. , assisted by Mr. Henry 
Taylor. 

To hear the melody of the organ richly repays a 
visit to the Tabernacle. The front towers of the organ 
have an altitude of 58 feet. The dimensions of the organ 
are 30x33 feet. The bellows are supplied with air by a 
water motor. The organ has 57 stops, contains a total of 
2,648 pipes, ranging in length from 2 feet to 32 feet, distrib- 
uted as follows: great organ, 840 pipes; swell organ, 728 
pipes; choir organ, 504 pipes; solo organ, 336 pipes; pedal 
organ, 240 pipes; operated by 8 couplers and as many 
pedal movements. 

SALT LAKE ASSEMBLY HALL. 

The Salt Lake Assembly Hall, situated in the 
southwest cornor of the Temple Block, is perhaps one of 
the finest buildings used for public worship to be found 
in any of the western Territories. The late Obed Taylor, 
Esq., was the architect, and Henry Grow, Esq., its builder. 
It is constructed entirely of cut granite rock at a cost of 
$90,000, defrayed by voluntary contributions from members 



RHD ITS ^RYIHOHS. 



2^ 



of the "Mormon" Church in Salt Lake County, assisted 
by the general funds of the Church. Its dimensions are 68 
feet wide by 120 long, and is 130 feet to top of tower 
rising from the centre of the building. It has a roof of 4 
gables each surmounted with ornamental spires, as also are 
the 4 corners of the Hall. 




Salt Ija.l=e ilsseralsly Hall. 

There are 4 wide entrances, one on each side and end. 
The same have stairways leading to the gallery. 

The building is lighted with gas, and is heated in cold 



26 Gmr>"£ TO SRIaT LiR'K."a CITY. 

weather by steam boilers, at a pressure of i^ lbs. to the 
square inch. 

A wide gallery extends around the entire hall, except 
at the west end, where the large organ is situated, and ample 
room is reserved for a choir of ioo singers. Immediately 
in front of the choir are three stands or pulpits, arranged 
conveniently in steps one above another, occupied by the 
leading authority of the church. In front of the stands is 
the sacramental table. 

For its artistic design and many interesting historical 
reminiscences depicted upon it, the ceiling is woithy of 
special mention. It is divided into sixteen panels, of dif- 
ferent shape and design, by an elegant moulding and bor- 
der. Each panel is occupied by a beautiful fresco orna- 
ment, or painting; representing historical scenes in the early 
rise of the Church, and paintings of the different temples 
built and now building by the Latter-day Saints. Repre- 
sentations of the Savior, Moses, Elijah, and Elias are also 
given. The two largest and principal panels are over the 
east and west ends of the Hall. That over the west end 
contains a fresco delineation of the All- Seeing Eye, and the 
emblematical Hive of Deseret, with the Kirkland and Nau- 
voo temples in the two lower corners. The panel over the 
east end contains a historical fresco painting of the angel 
"Moroni showing the Prophet Joseph where the plates were 
hid in the Hill Cumorah." The artistic fresco work of the 
ceiling was done by W. C. Morris, Esq. 

The building was completed and dedicated in the spring 
of 1880. 



RR"D ITS "a'ftYYB.O'N.S. ZT 

The Hall will accomodate nearly 3,000 people. Its 
acoustic properties are perfect; an ordinary speaker can be 
heard distinctly at any part of the auditorium. 

Regular Sunday services are held in the Large Taber- 
nacle at 2 p. m. Tourists and strangers are always welcome. 

THE MUSEUM. 

The Museum is situated on South Temple Stree, im- 
mediately facing the south entrance ot the Temple Block. 
It should be visited by all who desire information with regard 
to the varied productions of Utah, and the number and im- 
portance of its advantages. In this Museum may be seen 
specimens of native minerals, ores and manufactures, native 
animals, birds, reptiles and insects; wonderful fossils and 
petrifications; with many curiosities relating to the Indians 
of the Rocky Mountain region of old and modern times. 
The visitor to the Museum cabinets can get a better idea of 
the immense and varied resources of Utah, than by reading 
many books, or even visiting a few of its mines and manu- 
factories. 

The Museum is interesting also as showing wtat has 
been done by the "Mormon" people in the gradual devel- 
opment of manufactures and art. Besides, there are rare 
curiosities from every part of the world — idols from Japan, 
China, the Sandwich Islands, etc. A large collection of 
objects from Northern Europe, etc., and numerous curiosi- 
ties gathered by missionaries in their proselyting travels. 

One of the most interesting objects to visitors is the 
boat of Kit Carson, the first white man's vessel that plowed 
the waters of the Great Salt Lake. 



li 



I!" 







M.D ITS ^HYYRORS. 29 

SOUTH TEMPLE STREET. 

Looking east from the southeast corner of the Temple 
Block, may be seen some of the most interesting of Salt 
Lake City's "old landmarks." At the corner opposite are 
the buildings of the 

"DESERET NEWS " PUBLISHING COMPANY. 

The Deseret News is the oldest paper in the Rocky 
Mountains, and for years the only newspaper published be- 
tween San Francisco and the Missouri river. Its first num- 
ber appeared in June, 1850. It is the organ of the Church 
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It possesses one of the 
largest and most substantial of paper mills in the west, sit. 
uated about fourteen miles southeast of the city; and has 
also a bindery and type foundery. It issues a Daily, Semi- 
Weekly and Weekly edition. 

THE BISHOP'S GENERAL STOREHOUSE. 

Behind the Deseret News building are the warehouses 
and yards of what were the General Tithing Store, now the 
store of the Presiding Bishop of the Church. It is the 
custom of the "Mormons" to pay their tithes and dona- 
tions to the Church in kind. The farmer pays the produds 
of his farm, the cattleman from the increase of his herds, 
the artizan and the laborer pays in "days' work." Con- 
sequently at the Tithing Store is gathered a most complica- 
ted assortment of produces — grains, vegetables, merchan- 
dise, cattle, ad infinitum. These materials are paid out to 
the men who work on the temples, to the public hands and 
clerks, go toward the support of the poor, are doled out to 
friendly Indians, or exchanged for more available or desir- 
able productions of the herd, farm, field or workshop. 



30 



GUYOU TO SRlaT LRU CITY. 



PRESIDENT YOUNG'S RESIDENCES. 

A little over a half a block east of the Deseret News 

office stand the residences of the founder of Salt Lake 

City — the late Brigham Young. The first is known as the 

Lion House, from the lacl that a figure of a lion, crouch- 




Fresid-ena-t TT©-u.2a.g-'s ISesia.exi.ces. 



ing, is placed over the front entrance. The Bee-Hive 
House is the next building to the east. A carved bee-hive 
(the insignia of Utah) crowns this edifice. Between these 
two houses are the offices of the Presidency of the "Mor- 
mon" Church. Here the Church dignitaries, when at 
home, receive such visitors as are properly introduced. In 



RUT) ITS ^HYVROHS. 



31 



these offices are also the head-quarters of the Deseret 
Telegraph line, which has wires running to every settlement 
of any importance in Utah Territory. 

PRESIDENT YOUNG'S GRAVE. 

President Young's grave is situated about a quarter of 




•titm^ss^ 



President "Z"©-u.23.g-'s Grave. 

a mile north-east of the Eagle Gate, in an enclosure sur- 
rounded by an iron fence. 

THE EAGLE GATE. 

East of the Bee Hive House is the entrance to 
City Creek Canon. The high cobble wall formly con- 
tinued uninterruptedly east. Here was situated the Eagle 



RUD ITS "SHrffYROHS. 33 

Gate The rock supports still remain, as an old landmark, 
with the artistically executed eagle perched on the summit. 
A short distance further east is another of President Young's 
residences, known as the White House, whilst to the north 
tast is the building that he used for a school- house for his 
family. It is occupied now by a portion of the Salt Lake 
Stake Academy. 

THE GARDO HOUSE. 

Opposite the Bee-Hive House, south, is the Gardo 
House, the residence of the President of the "Mormon" 
Church. It was built by Brigham Young, but not occupied 
permanently by him. It is a very pleasing specimen of 
Utah architecture. 

HISTORIAN'S OFFICE. 
West of the Gardo House is the office of the Church 
Historian. Here the historical records of the Church are 
kept, and copy preserved of all works, that can be ob- 
tained, which are written for or against the faith and prac- 
tices of the society. 

THE SOCIAL HALL. 

Half a block south of the Eagle Gate is the Social 
Hall. It was the dramatic centre before the Theatre was 
built and is still used for balls, parties, children's exhibi- 
tions, assemblies, tancy fairs, etc. Like the rest of the 
buildings erected by the late "Mormon" President, solidity 
rather than elegance characterizes its style of architecture. 
Old "Mormons, "of Utah's early days, are never wearied 
telling of the good times experienced within its walls. It is 
now used as a "Mormon" academy. 



RUB ITS YvHIIYRCmS. 3^ 

SALT LAKE THEATRE. 

This imposing and massive edifice stands on the north- 
west corner of First East and First South Streets. It was 
erected at the instance and under the personal direction of 
the late President Brigham Young. It has undergone 
many improvements since his demise, and no pains are 
spared by its present proprietors to make it one of the best 
appointed in the West. It is a capacious building, 175 feet 
in length and 80 feet in width, and 60 feet from floor to 
ceiling inside, having a stage 65 feet deep and 32 feet at the 
proscenium, and it is fully supplied with traps, properties and 
scenery. It has a parquette, dress and three upper circles, 
and two private boxes each side of the proscenium. It will 
seat comfortably 1,500 persons. The outside presents an 
imposing appearance, granite finish on adobe walls, fluted 
columns, massive cornices in the simple Doric style of archi- 
tecture. The interior is decorated with taste, and when 
lighted up is very fine. The scenery is the production of 
the best artists, and looks so real that it commands the ad- 
miration of all spectators. In all its appointments the 
theatre is first class. The most talented actors in tragedy 
and comedy have trod its boards, and have been patronized 
with appreciation. 

THE WALKER OPERA HOUSE. 

In 1882 the Messers Walker Bros, erected this beauti- 
ful building, situated on Second South Street. It is a 
pleasing building on the exterior, with a very tasteful front. 
The interior is highly ornamented. It is 165 feet long, 67 
feet wide and 60 feet from floor to ceiling. The stage is 48 
feet deep by 59 feet broad. It has parquette, dress circle, 



36 GKJYD'E. TO SRI^Y lxR"K."Ei. OITY. 

two upper circles, and four private boxes, two each side of 
the proscenium. 

THE CITY HALL. 

The City Hall, a red sandstone building, on First 
South Street, was erecled at a cost oi $70,000, It contains 
the offices of the Mayor, Recorder, Treasurer, Assessor and 
Collector, Water Master, and Chiefs of the Fire and Water 
Departments, the Alderman and Justice's court room and 
Council Chamber. For many years past the Territorial 
Legislative Assembly has held its bi-annual sessions in this 
building. 

Salt Lake City has had but seven mayors since its 
incorporation — Hons. Jedediah M. Grant, A. O. Smoot, 
Daniel H. Wells, Feratnorz Little, Wm. Jennings, James 
Sharp, and Francis Armstrong, the last named being the 
present incumbent. 

In the rear of the City Hall are the municipal prisons, 
built of cut stone, massively put together with an inch and 
a half bolt between each block, cemented together so that 
escape is very difficult. 

THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

East of the City Hall is the old building formerly used 
for the City Hall, when Salt Lake City was a very small 
burg. It is nowoocupied by the Fire Department and known 
as the Fireman's Hall. 

Besides the engine room for the apparatus, on the 
ground floor of the Fireman's Hall, a large and well fur- 
nished room on the upper story affords ample space as a 
meeting room and bunk room, with accommodation for 



&RD ITS TOKTTROTiS. 3T 

twelve or fourteen men, as well as library and reading room. 
The library now contains over 1,500 volumes, and has 
mainly been accumulated through the generosity of citizens 
interested in the welfare of the firemen. 

The department at present numbers, officers and mem- 
bers, fifty men, including the chief engineer with the follow- 
ing apparatus: One Silsby steamer, two hand engines, five 
hose carts, one hook and ladder truck, with 5,400 feet of 
hose. Nine "Regulars" are paid $60 per month. The 
forty others are call men, who receive $50 a year each. 

Col. G. M„ Qttinger, formerly of Philadelphia, is the 
chief engineer of the Fire Department. 

During the year 1887 there were 34 fires in the city 
limits, aggregating a total loss of $66, 265. 

The average loss by fire in Salt Lake City is lower than 
in any other city of its size in the West. 

STREET RAILWAY. 

The horse car accomodations of Salt Lake are ample 
to reach nearly every point of note in the city. At present, 
the lines are in the aggregate about 15 miles in extent. 
The system has been divided up so as to have through lines 
over 4 routes, which formerly were separated into 8 routes. 
All the depots and nearly all the hotels are reached by the 
street cars, also the following points — the Warm Springs 
Bath Houses, Liberty Park, the Eleventh Ward, adjoining 
Fort Douglas Military Reservation, the First, Sixth and 
Twenty-first Wards. The company employ 16 cars, 30 men, 
and 106 mules. The animals are required to do duty to the 
extent of about 16 miles per day, which only requires from 
4 to 5 hours daily services. 



38 G\$YD"£ TO SRlaT IaRK"& CYTY. 

Mr. O. P. Arnold is manager of the lines. The capital 
invested aggregates $100,000. 

THE WATER WORKS. 

The water supply for the city mains is obtained from 
City Creek, a canon stream north of the city. The flow of 
this stream at its best (during the month of June) is about 
1,000,000 gallons per hour, but, like all mountain streams, 
is variable. The water is taken from the creek by a flume 
to three distributing and filtering tanks, having a combined 
capacity of 300,000 gallons. The elevation of these reser- 
voirs above the north-east corner of the Temple Block, is 185 
feet, and gives an average water pressure of 86 pounds to the 
inch. The water is distributed at present through 24 miles 
of piping, varying in diameter from 20 to 3 inches. On 
this line of mains are located 163 hydrants and 78 gates or 
valves, which supply 2,000 water-takers with an average 
daily consumption of water during the summer months, of 
nearly 8,000,000 gallons, and during the winter season of 
about 2,400,000. During the past year extensive improve" 
ments have been made in the entire system of water works. 
A new plant has been made two miles higher up the canon, 
which almost doubles the capacity and supplies an additional 
pressure of 36 pounds to the square inch, besides furnishing 
water to the "Dry Bench" in the north-east portion of the 
city. Thus far there has been expended $425,000 on the 
water works of this city, and from 1^ to 2 miles of exten- 
sions are added to the mains yearly. 

The annual expenditures, exclusive of extensions, is 
about $6,000; the revenue about $30,000 per annum. 



rub its ^mrr&ons. 39 

Z.C. M. I. 

On main (East Temple) Street, a little to the south of 
the Temple Block, stand the mammoth premises of Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution, familiarly known as the 
Big Co-op. This extensive establishment has branch 
houses in Provo, Ogden, and Logan (in Utah) and Soda 
Springs (Idaho); while numerous local retail "Co-op." 
establishments are to be found throughout the regions oc- 
cupied by the "Mormons," in fact, nearly every settlement, 
large or small, has its co-operative store. Co-operation 
was a favorite subject with the late Brigham Young, and he 
was the founder of this Institution, and its first president. 
It was organized Oct. 16, 1868, and commenced business in 
March, 1869. To-day, it is one of the most solid mercantile 
firms in the world. Its business, last year, amounted to 
nearly $5,000,000. 

The main building has a depth of 319 feet and a front- 
age of 98 feet. It has four stories including cellars. Its 
stock of goods at last stock-taking was valued at $1,500,000 

Connected with Z. C. M. I. is the largest Boot and 
Shoe Manufactory between Chicago and San Francisco. 
The factory is situated on South Temple Street, a little east 
of Main, adjoining the main store of the institution. This 
branch of the business was established in 1879, and now em- 
ploys 150 hands. In price, its products compete with goods 
manufactured elsewhere, and for quality are preferred by 
the Utonians to the imported article. Mr. W. H. Rowe is 
the superintendent and manager of this department, and 
Mr. D. M. McAllister, the secretary. Another branch of 
manufacture is associated with this factory, that of making 



40 emira to sriaT i^rk-ei city. 

overalls, jumpers and shirts, in which it successfully com- 
petes with San Francisco Chinese labor. 

A tannery (established in the north-western portion of 
the city), into which many improvements have lately been 
introduced, is also connected with the man ufacluring depart- 
ment of the Co-op. The total value of its yearly products 
is nearly $300,000. 

The industries controlled by Z. C. M. I, in this city, 
employ 300 hands, constantly. 

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 

Besides the home industries sustained by Z. C. M. I. 
the city boasts of quite a number of manufacturing enter- 
prises, chief among which are the Salt Lake Foundry and 
Machine Company's works, one block south of the Utah 
Central Railway depot, manufacturers of engines, boilers, 
etc. ; Davis, Howe & Co.'s Iron and Brass Foundry and 
Machine Shop, First West Street; the Silver Iron and Ma- 
chine Works, North Temple Street; Haines & Sons, Boiler- 
Makers, South Temple Street; the Machine Shops of the 
Utah Central Railway Co., Locomotive and Car Builders, 
and J. W. Summerhays & Co., Leather Manufacturers. 
All the above institutions are constantly running to their 
utmost capacity, and turn out work second to none. 

The furniture manufactory of Henry Dinwoodey is the 
oldest and largest of its kind in the territory, having been 
established in 1857. Mr. Dinwoodey keeps 31 employees 
very busy in his furniture making and upholstery depart- 
ments. 

Simon Bros, employ 10 hands in their Manufacturing 
Millinery Deparment. 



RRD ITS "fcUYVROHS. 41 

Sam Levy, manufacturer of fine cigars, employs some 
20 hands, and produces annually about 800,000 fine hand- 
made cigars. The business was first established in 187 1, 
5,000 cigars being made the first year. 

Messrs. J. W. Summerhays & Co. are operating one of 
the finest tanneries in the West in the conversion of sheep 
skins into fine leathers, much of which are exported, and 
some of the finer grades are used in book-binding, in mak- 
ing children's fine shoes, etc. 

The Salt Lake Glass Works, situated north-west of the 
city, are doing a very profitable business, and employ about 
60 men and boys. The capacity of the works, including 
all the various sizes and kinds of bottles made, is nearly 600 
dozen per day. 

The Salt Lake Chemical Works, situated a short dis- 
tance from the Glass Works, is another enterprise of con- 
siderable importance, although but recently begun. From 
native raw materials, which are to be had in abundance, the 
operators are turning out large quantities of refined soda, 
soda ash, sal soda, caustic soda, hypo-sulphate of soda, and 
Portland cement. 

The Burton- Gardner Company occupy very extensive 
premises opposite the Theater, where is manufactured 
woven-wire bed mattresses and wire fencing. On the same 
street, a short distance south, are the premises of the Salt 
Lake Fence Co., another manufacturing establishment re- 
cently established. 

Next in importance to Z. C. M. I., in the manufacture 
of boots and shoes, is the factory of the Messrs. Solomon 



4=2 G\3ID"£ TO SRLT I^R^-Sl CITY. 

Bros, who employ 45 hands, and turn out 75 pairs of boots 
and shoes daily. 

Messrs. J. C. Cutler & Bro. represent the Provo 
Woolen Mills and have a display of the finest assortment of 
woolen goods west of Chicago. This factory is the leading- 
manufacturing industry of the Territory. 

Elias Morris, Esq., besides being one of our leading 
builders and contractors, is extensively employed in manu- 
facturing fire brick, tiles, cement piping aid plaster paris of 
superior quality. 

H. A. Tuckett is extensively engaged in manufacturing 
all kinds of candies; his brands of candies are very popular 
throughout the Territory, and his establishment one of the 
largest and most complete in the west. 

The Deseret Woolen Mills, owned by Wm. Jennings' 
Sons, are giving employment to 40 hands in the manufacture 
of yarns, cloths, etc., and in the knitting department 20 
girls are kept busy. 

The Utah Soap Manufactory is fully employed and turns 
out large quantities of No. r soap annually. 

Taylor, Romney, Armstrong Co., Salt Lake Building 
and Manufacturing Co., and the Sierra Nevada Lumber 
Association, are the leading manufacturers of doors, sash, 
mouldings, etc., besides doing a large building and con- 
tracting business. 

The Messrs. Watson Bros, are one of the leading con- 
tracting and building firms of the city, besides doing con- 
siderable business as monumental stone cutters. 

The Salt Lake Silk Factory manufactures a very ex- 
cellent line of dress goods, handkerchiefs, etc. 



44 G\3iD& TO SR"LT LRKS CITY. 

In addition to the industries enumerated, there are suc- 
cessfully conducted vinegar works, basket and broom fac- 
tories, cigar factories, breweries, confectioneries, demijohn 
works, salt refining, trunk, furniture, fence and mattress 
factories, etc., etc., giving employment in all to over 1,200 
people, and sustenance to over 5,000. 

While the mercantile business of the city is, perhaps, 
overcrowded, there is ample room for the profitable invest- 
ment of much capital in manufacturing industries of various 
kinds. With the establishment of a few more factories, 
machine shops and the like, the city will be more sure of a 
steady growth both in population and commercial import- 
ance. 

RAILROADS. 

The completion of the Union Pacific Railway, the last 
one hundred miles of which was done under contract of 
President Young, and it 1 * tributary, the Utah Central Rail- 
way (which was opened for traffic on January 10, 1870), 
was an important event to the business interests of Salt Lake 
City, and was the occasion of no little rejoicing in all circles. 
It was the inauguration of a new era in the growth and com- 
merce of the city. Hitherto all the necessaries and comforts 
of life which could not be produced at home had to be 
freighted a thousand miles by ox or mule teams, and all 
those who migrated to this country in the early days of its 
settlement, came by the same conveyances, and sometimes 
new-comers made their way hither irom the Missouri river 
in hand- cart trains. The journey occupied several months, 
and was a weary drag over vast and arid plains and toil- 
some mountains. 



PlRD ITS "EvHYI"aO"N.S. 4^ 

As soon as the Utah Central Railroad was completed 
into Salt Lake City, the Utah Southern road (now incorpor- 
ated into the Utah Central system), was commenced and 
pushed its way through Utah, Juab, Millard and Beaver 
counties to Frisco, connecting by rail the most thrifty agri- 
cultural and mining districts of Southern Utah. This road 
is now being pushed through Nevada to Southern California. 
Transportation was thus afforded for the rich and abundant 
harvests ot the valleys and the mineral wealth of the moun- 
tain gorges. 

Work was commenced on the Salt Lake division of the 
Denver & Rio Grande Railway (narrow gauge) late in the 
season of 1881, was pushed forward with the zeal character- 
istic of its management, and through connection was made 
between Salt Lake and Denver on the 30th day of March, 
1883, and shortly after was extended to Ogden, and connection 
made with the Central Pacific Railway to California. This 
road traverses the fertile counties of Emery, Utah, Salt Lake, 
Davis and Weber, and is considered by travelers the most 
picturesque route east. This road has added very materi- 
ally to the prosperity and growth of the Territory. 



The city is well provided with first-class hotel accom- 
modations, the principal houses being the Cullen, Walker, 
Continental and Metropolitan; the Valley House, Clift 
House, White House and Spencer House also offer first- 
class accommodations to tourists and visitors, and at reason- 
able rates. 



46 Gmim TO SRXlT LlElK.11 city 

WARM SPRINGS BATH HOUSES. 

The Warm Sulphur Springs, situated in the extreme 
north-west of the city, are justly celebrated for their medi- 
cinal properties, many invalid tourists visiting Salt Lake 
City for the special purpose of being benefited by the 
pleasant and renovating baths to be had in its tepid waters. 
The bath houses are reached by si reet cars from the Eagle 
Emporium. 

PLEASURE RESORTS. 

Liberty Park, situated in the south-east suburbs, 
and reached by street car line, is a most pleasant and healthy 
place to visit during the summer months. It was laid out 
originally by the late President Young, and called the 
"Forest Farm." There are pleasant drives and walks, 
beautifully and abundantly shaded by native forest trees. 

"Calder's Farm," about 3 miles south of town, is an- 
other suburban pleasure resort, provided with boats, swings, 
dancing floors, games, etc., incidental to such places. 

"Washington Square," between First and Second 
East Streets, is the chartered ground of the Olympic Club 
of this city, and on gala days is the scene of bicycle and 
foot races, base ball and cricket matches, and other games 
and amusements. 

"Fuller's Hill," in the Tenth Ward, is another pleasure 
resort of considerable attraction, and is well patronized by 
the public. 

FORT DOUGLAS. 

One of the most interesting points in the vicinity is 
Fort Douglas, a well built, full-regiment post, located on a 
plateau about 3 miles east of and 500 feet above the city. 



4:8 QUID'S TO SR"L.T "L.RKS GITY 



The post and grounds are laid out with taste, a small stream 
of mountain water making the culture of trees, shrubbery, 
grass and flowers possible. The elevation gives almost a 
bird's-eye view of the city and valley. In the distance lies 
the Dead Sea of America, a blue band drawn along the base 
of island mountains, the vistas between which are closed by 
more distant ranges. In the north, the Promontory divides 
the waters, ending far out in the lake. Across Jordan Val- 
ley the Oquirrh rises to a lofty height, white with snow a 
great part of the year, and often veiled by clouds. On the 
south, low hills appearing to be thrown out in echelon, 
complete the enclosure of Jordan Valley, which lies an un- 
rolled map at one's feet. 

The Salt Lake and Fort Douglas Railway runs several 
trains daily making street car connections at Liberty Park, 
First South and Twelfth East Streets. 

ENSIGN PEAK. 

To see the city at its best, one must climb to the rock- 
crowned summit of Ensign Peak. (So called from the cir- 
cumstance of the "Mormons" almost immediately upon their 
arrival, erecting the National Flag on its apex, typical of 
their fidelity to the common-wealth, and emblematic of free- 
dom to all mankind.) This dome-like mountain rises di- 
rectly back of the town, and from it one may look down 
upon houses, trees and green squares. At the right lies the 
lake, dull hued, motionless and passive amid its grand sur- 
roundings. Huge islands of rock dot its surface, but no 
signs of life are to be seen. To the south stretches the beau- 
tiful valley, mountain guarded, fertile and bathed at its 



SO GUYD'S TO SftLiT LRU CITY 



lower end in a thin blue veil of haze. To the east is Fort 
Douglas, and beyond tint Emigration Canon. 

The plateau immediately at the foot of Ensign peak, 
or between it and the city, has long been known as Arsenal 
Hill, part of which was recently given by the city to the 
Territory tor Capitol grounds, and upon which will soon be 
built the Territorial Capitol. The remainder of this beauti- 
ful site is set apart for a public park. The canon directly 
beneath on the east, is City Creek Canon, the principal 
source of water for the City of the Saints. In it are situated 
the reservoirs of the Municipal Water Works. The scenery 
a short distance up the canon is very beautiful, wild and ro- 
mantic. 

A nearer point at which to get a fine view of the city, 
is from Prospect Hill, located about half a mile north-east 
of the Eagle Gate. The beautiful view to be obtained from 
this point is well worth the travel to obtain it. Recently a 
fine tower has been built at this point for the accommoda- 
tion of tourists. 

SALT LAKE BATHING RESORTS. 

Garfield Beach, 20 miles west of the city on 
the shores of the Great Salt Lake, is reached by the Utah 
& Nevada Railway. During the summer season several 
trains run daily to this bathing resort. 

Lake Park, a beautifully laid out pleasure and bathing 
place on the edge of the Great Salt Lake, is situated about 
20 miles north of the city, and is reached by the Denver & 
Rio Grande Railway. Several trains run daily to this point 
during the bathing season. No tourist should miss the op- 



32 G\3YD"E. TO SRI^T LRKS CITY 



portunity thus afforded of taking a bath in the buoyant 
waters of the lake. 

In the long sunny days of June, July and August, the 
water becomes deliciously warm, and it is much warmer 
than ocean water a month earlier and later. 

Ample accommodations are afforded the visitors to make 
a few days' stay at these points, a rare opportunity to in- 
valids, who would be benefited much by a short sojourn not 
only from the bathing, but by breathing the cool saline air 
of the lake. 

The water of the lake contains 22 per cent, of pure salt, 
making it so buoyant that the least possible effort is neces- 
sary to keep one's equilibrium, as sinking is out of the 
question. Care, however, must be taken that the water is 
not inhaled into the mouth and nostrils, lest the bather is 
strangled. 

TERRITORIAL EXPOSITION BUILDING. 

This building, now in course of erection, is situated in 
the centre of what is known as the Tenth Ward Square, a 
ten-acre block in the eastern part of the city. It measures 
94 feet on the east and west line by 143 feet on the north 
and south line, exclusive of a principal entrance on the 
west and a wing 40x70 feet on the east. Stretching to the 
north and south of the centre building are two wings forty 
feet wide and one story high. The main building is two 
stories, with four towers. Each of these wings ends in a 
two-story building, from which other wings extend east and 



RHQ ITS -&T3AriB.0"N.S. 



53 



west, giving a frontage of 294 feet on either end. Thus 
the whole is intended for a grand structure stretching 



/«: i 







through the centre of the block, from north to south, a dis- 
tance of 620 feet. The highest point, exclusive of the pole 
or staff, is 1 20 feet above the first floor. 



54= GVJYD&. TO SRl^T !*&■&■£ CITY 

The City of Salt Lake is well provided with good 
churches, if we consider the number of citizens not con- 
nected with the "Mormon" Church. 

St. Mark's Church. — Sixteen years ago St. Mark's 
Episcopal Church was established in this city by Bishop D. 
S. Tuttle, the bishop of this diocese. St. Mark's Parish 
includes St. Paul's Chapel under its administration. The 
Bishop is at the head of the Cathedral Parish, with three 
assistant ministers: the Rev. Messrs. N. F. Putnam, G. D. 
B. Miller and C. M. Armstrong. The Cathedral is located 
on First South Street, between Second and Third East 
Streets. It is built of red sandstone, quarried in a canon 
near the city. It consists of nave and one transept. The 
architecture is Gothic. The nave was erected in 1870, and 
the transept was added in the summer of 1882. The tran- 
sept is occupied by the organ and choir. The organ, which 
was put in its place in December, 1882, is one of the best 
in the West. Its tones are pure and sweet, and fill the 
church. The rectory is next door to the church. This 
and the lot on which it stands, was purchased by the congre- 
gation in 1887. The basement of the church is used for 
Sabbath school, and also for a day school in the primary 
department. Rev. N. F. Putnam, late of Peekskill, New 
York, is the present pastor of St. Mark's congregation. 

St. Paul's Episcopal is also a stone structure and is well 
adapted to the wants of the membership; the congregation 
is presided over by Rev. C. M. Armstrong, who succeeded 
Rev. S. Unsworth, the first pastor of the church. 

The Swedish Lutheran Church. — This neat church 
edifice is situated at the corner of Second South and Fourth 



RRD ITS -EVNATYRCmS. 5 v i 

East Streets. The Lutheran mission was begun in 1882, 
and the church building was erected in 1S85 at a cost o] 
$10,000. Its dimensions are 66 feet long and 44 feet wide, 
and has a spacious basement, used at present for school 
purposes. The audience room of the church is one of the 
neatest in the city. The Rev. J. A. Krantz is the pastor of 
the church. 




St. Mark's Episcopal Cl2.1a.rciL- 



RT3.t> ITS ^MIEO^S. 



3T 



Methodist Church. — One of the finest church build- 
ings, in size and architectural appearance, in the city, is 
the First Methodist Church, a brick structure of modern 
style. Rev. T. C. Iliff is the present pastor, and also has 
supervision over all the Methodist charges in Utah. 

Presbyterian Church. — Rev. R. G. McNeice is the 
pastor of the Presbyterian Church. The church building is 




T3a.e S-wed-isla. Xj-u.tli.era.23. C2a.-u.rcls.- 



58 G\JYD"E. TO SRITY LRU CITY 



on the corner with a street on the west and south. In the 
centre is the "Octagon," now used in connection with the 
boarding department of the Salt Lake Collegiate Institute. 

Catholic Church. — The Catholic Church has a good 
chapel, and besides this, services are held in the chapel at 
the Hospital of the Holy Cross, and also at St. Mary's Ac- 



Tlxe Ca.tl2.0lic Hcepital. 

ademy, and at the chapel of AH Hallow's College. Bishop 
Scanlan has supervision of the work in this city, and is 
aided by Fathers Keily and Blake. 

Baptist. — The Baptists have a very fine church edifice 
on the corner opposite the County Court House, on Second 
South Street, and have a small congregation. 



feUD ITS ^^YYRORS. 



59 



Jewish Synagogue. — The Jewish congregation is com- 
posed of some 50 members, presided over by M. C. Phillips. 
They have a commodious Synagogue, which is also used for 

school purposes. 

SCHOOLS. 

Salt Lake City is divided into 21 school districts, in 
each of which a common school is maintained 10 months in 




each year. These schools are partly sustained by taxes and 

partly by tuition fees. All the branches of a common school 

education are taught by competent and interested teachers. 

Besides the district: schools, the city boasts of quite a 



60 GUYCm TO SR1/Y L»ft."K."E. GITY 

number ofprivate institutions of learning: and church schools, 
maintained by the various religious societies of the city, 
chief among which may be mentioned the schools of Ham- 
mond Hall (Congregational), Rowland Hall and St. Mark's 
School (Episcopal), the Salt Lake Collegiate Institute 
(Presbyterian) and the Hebrew school. 

St. Mark's school, under the auspices of the Protes- 
tant Episcopal Church, was opened in 1857. It is a graded 
school with about 400 pupils and 12 teachers, having Pri- 
mary, Grammar School, High School and Classical depart- 
ments. 

Rowland Hall, a boarding school for girls, opened in 
1871. Here are 115 pupils and 8 teachers. The school 
has a full Academic Course of study, with superior oppor- 
tunities for music, modern languages, drawing and painting. 

The Deseret University, situated on Second West and 
First North Streets, under the management of Dr. John R. 
Park and an able and efficient corps of assistants, is the lead- 
ing educational institution of the city and Territory. All 
the higher and many of the technical branches of education 
are here taught. It numbers among its students the youth 
of both sexes from all parts of the Territory; and some 
from Idaho and Arizona. One of its special features is the 
Normal department, for the training of teachers for the 
common schools of the Territory. A Deaf and Dumb In- 
stitute, liberal provisions for which were made by the last 
Territorial Legislature, will soon be built upon the adjoining 
grounds of the University. This department is at present 
under the very efficient management of Prof. Harry C. White. 

The public school system of the city and Territory is 



62 G\3IDH TO S&I/Y 1^R.K"£ CITY 

but yet in its infancy. No aid has been received from pub- 
lic funds, or other sources, for its maintenance, and until 
very recently teachers were paid entirely by tuition iees, and 
the schoolhouses built by subscription. Schools have, how- 
ever, been maintained in most of the city districts almost 
continuously since the first settlement of the Territory, the 
results of which are very gratifying, as very few of the chil- 
dren born here cannot read or write. 

According to the educational statistics given in the 
census for 1880, the percentage of illiteracy in Utah is 
much below the average, and below more than half of the 
States and Territories of the Union, and the percentage 
about on a par with the great State of Massachusetts, not- 
withstanding the unlimited educational facilities of the 
latter. 

In respect to the amount per capita of her school popu- 
lation which Utah has invested in school property, she stands 
at the head of many older and more wealthy and populous 
States, and not far behind some of the foremost States of 
the Union, with an investment per capita of $8; while North 
Carolina has invested less than 55 cents; Georgia, $2.03; 
Kentucky less than $4; Virginia, $2. 55; Oregon, $5; Wis- 
consin, $13.03; Minnesota, $14.55; Delaware, $1035. 

When it is remembered that in nearly every State in the 
Union, vast sums of money derived from the sale of lands 
or from the establishment of special funds, are devoted to 
school purposes, and that these sums amount to tens and 
hundreds of thousands of dollars annually, in many of the 
States, while the schools of Utah have never yet received 
any assistance whatever in this manner, the fact that she 



64 Gmtm to srlt i^r^lb. city. 

occupies her present advanced position in respect to educa- 
tion speaks volumes in her praise. 

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 

The government of Salt Lake City is one of the 
best conducted and most economical in the United States. 
The municipal expenditures, including salaries of all its offi- 
cers, the maintainance of the police and fire departments, 
and water works of the city, amounts to only $52,000 per 
annum. In consequence, taxes are extremely light, and the 
machinery of government is so smoothly run that were it 
not for occasional (biennial) elections, her citizens might for- 
get they were not dwelling in a paradisiacal government. 

Salt Lake City boasts of some 30,000 inhabitants, ard 
has a police force of 15 men, including the city marshal, 
one police officer to every 2,000 inhabitants. The insignifi- 
cance of this number may be inferred when compared with 
other cities of the world. In 1883 Philadelphia had one 
police officer to every 636 of its citizens; New York, one to 
every 562; Baltimore one to 525; Boston one to 487; the 
metropolitian district of London, one to 342. Yet notwith- 
standing this great disparagement in the number of her po- 
lice officers, life and property are infinitely safer than in any 
of the cities named, and there is less crime in proportion to 
the number of inhabitants than anywhere else in the world. 
The quietness of her streets, and the absence of street fights, 
riots and other public disturbances is proverbial. The 
quietness of the Sabbath day is particularly noticeable; all 
business is suspended, there are no pleasure resorts of any 
kind kept open, there is not the horse-racing, betting or 



66 G13YDH TO SRLT 1aRK"£ CITY 

gambling on this day, that is met with in all other western 
towns, but the day is observed by all classes as a day of 
rest. 

The Great Salt Lake, after which the city is named is 
80 miles long and 40 miles wide, has seven islands, three 
of which are mountainous, and are used for grazing. Its 
nearest accessible point is some 15 miles north-west from 
Salt Lake City. 

The river Jordan, the outlet of Utah Lake, pursues a 
very meandering detail course, but has a very direct general 
northerly course of some 40 miles, and empties into the 
Salt Lake about 10 miles from the city. 

Utah Lake is a beautiful sheet of fresh water with an 
extreme length and breadth of 35 by 15 miles. It receives 
Provo and Spanish Fork rivers, and several other tribu- 
taries, and abounds in mountain trout and other fish. 

CONCLUSION. 

As most tourists who visit Salt Lake City will be 
more or less interested in the people who built it, we close 
this little volume with the Articles of Faith of the Church of 
fesus Christ of Latter-day Sai?its: 

1. We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in His 
Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. 

2. We believe that men will be punished for their own 
sins, and not for Adam's transgression. 

3. We believe that through the atonement of Christ 
all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and 
ordinances of the Gospel. 

4. We believe that these ordinances are : first, Faith in 



RRD ITS "SimrillCmS. 6T 



the Lord Jesus Christ; second, Repentance; third, Baptism 
by immersion for the remission of sins; fourth, Laying on 
of hands for the Gift of the Holy Ghost. 

5. We believe that a man must be called of God by 
"prophecy and by the laying on of hands," by those who 
are in authority, to preach the Gospel and administer in the 
ordinances thereof. 

6. We believe in the same organization that existed in 
the primitive church, viz: apostles, prophets, pastors, 
teachers, evangelists, etc. 

7. We believe in the gift of tongues, prophecy, revela- 
tion, visions, healing, interpretation of tongues, etc. 

8. We believe the Bible to be the word of God as far 
as it is translated correctly; we also believe the Book of 
Mormon to be the Word of God. 

9. We believe all that God has revealed, all that He 
does now reveal, and we believe that He will yet reveal 
many great and important things pertaining to the Kingdom 
of God. 

10. We believe in the literal gathering of Israel, and 
in the restoration of the Ten Tribes. That Zion will be 
built upon this continent. That Christ will reign personally 
upon the earth, and that the earth will be renewed and re- 
ceive its paradisaical glory. 

11. We claim the privilege of worshiping Almighty 
God according to the dictates of our own conscience, and 
allow all men the same privilege, let them worship how, 
where or what they may. 

12. We believe in being subject to kings, presidents, 



68 G\3YD"E. TO SELLT lifi.'K.-a CITY. 

rulers and magistrates, in obeying, honoring and sustaining 
the law. 

13. We believe in being honest, true, chaste, bene- 
volent, virtuous, and in doing good to all men; indeed we 
may say that we follow the admonition of Paul, ' ' We be- 
lieve all things, we hope all things," we have endured many 
things and hope to be able to endure all things. If there is 
anything virtuous, lovely or of good report, or praiseworthy, 
we seek after these things. Joseph Smith. 




CONTINENT/ 

u «« HOTELS c 

@op@2te£ ^ ne%Dlxj furnished 
-^JANUARY, 1887.*^- 



MVtis is the largest 2Kotel in Salt £ake &ty. 
^{ll l^poms arc large, light and airy. J\ r Usr= 
andah extends the entire length, of the 2Kotel, with 
shade trees in front. 2Kas the largest and Best 
Sample ]\ooms for Commercial travelers. 



¥m& ©or amd UBilliGrel ^0000 

Ixl Cors-nection -witli. Hotel. 



J. H. VAN HORN COMPANY, PROPRIETORS. 



C ITY LIVERY AND^ fl m 
^■ BOARDING STABL Dif'^ 

2© agd 22 B. 8ecoi)<i 8oui^ fit, 

mAEiT EiAWm €ITW & ^ 



Horses and Buggies at Reasonable Rates. 

# * # * * % 

McCoy & Harmon, = (Proprietors. 

TBIaBPROUFa HO. 81. 



J A$. W. EjARDI^Y ,^ 



DEALE3 I2^T 





Lumber, 

Doors, 
Sash, 

^iYMD RLiIa "K.1HDS OFVs— 

^BUILDING MATERIAL 



Don't "Forget tne Place-. One Blocfc. Rortri ol "SAigntn 
Ward Square, State "Road. 



Mrs. Emma Clinton's 
MILEilMMWY anm 

31 and 65 W, First South Street, Salt Lake City, 

CHARACTER T77" 1 O S TO RE1TT. 



Human Hair Bought and Sold. 

Hair, Jewelry and Memorials in Device a Specialty. 

A Complete Stock of Latest Styles. 

■ m* i 

S^Combings made into all kinds of Ladies' Hair Work, 
Ladies' Hair Dressed, Waves Cleaned, Etc. 



MINERAL SPECIMENS OF UTAH, 

Crystalized Salt from Great Salt Lake, 

A. rilTE COLLECTION OP 

^ Tjc II 5 onb (|orafs ? ¥»- 



^ Mountain Moss, etc. 



CURIOSITIES BOUGHT AND SOLD. 



MRS. EMMA CLINTON, 

31 and 65 W. First South St., Salt Lake City, Utah. 



,„„ whitf HOUSE is the most centrally located hotel in the city, being.on the corner of Main and Sec- 
ond Sn.uh Streets I has the most Front Rooms of any hotel in the city. The kitchen w under the 
it of one of -ihe very best German cooks to be found in the West; and the table is supplied with the 
rke affords Pu man Car Offices and Union Ticket Office in the hotel. Rates, $1.50 to $2 00 per day. 




— -■ ■ 






W& TMM^m 



UalRer • ¥>euge>, 



SflM I&HKS miWY. 



TOCATED ON MAIN STREET; has all the modern im- 
"^ provements, Passenger Elevator, Steam Heating, etc. 
The Walker has always been the leading Hotel, and the 
pride of the Salt Lake public. 



Elates, - - $3.00 per ^>a,sr. 



THE 



^£TRO? oUT4 Ar 



LOCATED ON WEST TEMPLE ST. 



'T^KIS House is conducted in connection with the Walker, 
and is especially adapted for families — just enough re- 
moved from the business centre to be quiet, without being out 
of the way. 

^.a/tes, $2.00 and $2.50 per IDa^r- 



G. S. ERB, Proprietor Walker House and Metropolitan 
\ Hotel. 
\ 



LIDHMn ! Ui 




HENRY _:rr, ~££Y, 

Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 

FURNITURE, 

Wall Paper, Carpets, Feathers, Linoleum, 



W^m^^m m^^^^m^s^ 






^i0J^&£ m± iJ!U^M' i Hill I WM ***" - 









Laoe Curtain?, Wiqdoiw Pole? and Babg Garr-iage^. 

37 to 43 W. First South St., 



S 3l h^ 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




013 704 229 



